- Five Largest Cities: San Jose, Heredia, Cartago, Alajuela, Puntarenas
- Population of Largest City: 1,188, 019
- Estimated size of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and fifth largest cities respectively using rank size rule: 594,010; 396,006; 297,005; 237,604
- Actual populations of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th largest cities respectively: 279,984; 177,130; 162,888; 70,602
- How valid the rank size rule is proven based upon the populations of this country's five largest cities:
- Population: 4, 773,000
- Population density: 93
- % Urban Population: 73%
- % Urban population living in slums: 10.9% (2005)
- Average % change in urban population: 2.74%
- % with improved urban sanitation: 95%
- % with improved urban water supply: 99.6%